Semax is a robust synthetic peptide composed of seven amino acids. Originally developed by the Institute of Molecular Genetics, it is modeled after the ACTH 4-10 fragment but lacks hormonal activity. The addition of a Pro-Gly-Pro sequence at its C-terminus significantly increases its resistance to enzymatic degradation, giving it a longer half-life for extended laboratory observation.

Current research models focus on its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and its interaction with central nervous system pathways. In-vitro and animal studies frequently utilize Semax to observe its regulatory effects on the expression of neurotrophins, particularly BDNF and nerve growth factor (NGF). Furthermore, researchers investigate its potential to mitigate ischemic damage, reduce oxidative stress, and stimulate neurogenesis in experimental tissue models.